What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer originates in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus. It is the second most common cancer (most common- breast cancer) among women in our country.

Treatment Process

01
Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves a combination of pelvic examination, imaging tests (such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans), and biopsy.

02
Surgery

Surgical options vary depending on the type and stage of cancer. Procedures may include radical hysterectomy (removal of the uterus with parametrium), trachelectomy (removal of the cervix), lymphadenectomy (removal of retroperitoneal nodes) or other relevant procedures.

03
Radiation Therapy

It is the main modality of treatment for locally advanced disease.

04
Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy may be used before surgery/ radiation to shrink tumors or during radiotherapy to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy. In stage IV disease where distant spread has occurred, chemotherapy is the main modality of treatment.

05
Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy

These treatments are used for advanced and recurrent cases of cervical cancer.

06
Follow-Up Care

Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor for recurrence and manage any side effects of treatment.

Popular Questions

Symptoms can include abnormal vaginal bleeding, foul smelling, blood mixed vaginal discharge and pelvic pain.

Staging is based on the extent of cancer spread, ranging from Stage I (localized) to Stage IV (spread to distant organs).

Risk factors include HPV infection, early marriage and childbirth, multiple sexual partners, multiple pregnancies, smoking etc.

Cervical cancer is one of the few cancers to have an effective vaccine and screening tools, making its elimination possible with proper measures. Regular screening with PAP smear/ HPV DNA test, HPV vaccination, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Prognosis depends on the stage at diagnosis and the success of the initial treatment. Early detection generally leads to better outcomes.

Research is ongoing, and new treatments, including immunotherapy and personalized medicine, are being explored.

Cervical cancers in general, are not hereditary. There is no role of genetic testing in these cancers.

Providing emotional support, helping with daily tasks, and accompanying them to medical appointments can be very helpful.

Common Myths

  • 1. Myth : If you have HPV, you will definitely get cervical cancer.
    Fact: Although most cases of cervical cancer are caused by HPV, not everyone with HPV will develop cervical cancer. Most HPV infections clear up on their own without causing any problems.
  • 2. Myth : You need a Pap smear every year.
    Fact: Current guidelines recommend a Pap smear every three years for women aged 30-65 yrs, and every 5 years if HPV DNA testing is done, provided previous results have been normal.
  • 3. Myth : If you are vaccinated against HPV, screening is not needed.
    Fact: Irrespective of vaccination status, all women between age 30-65 yrs should undergo screening every 3-5 years.

Dr. Neha Agarwal's Expertise in Kolkata

Cervical Cancer Dr. Neha Agarwal, based in Kolkata, is a leading expert in the management of cervical cancer. With her extensive training and experience, Dr. Agarwal provides comprehensive care, from accurate diagnosis to advanced surgical techniques and personalized treatment plans. Her compassionate approach ensures that patients receive the best possible care and support throughout their treatment journey.

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